Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Zoledronic acid (ZOL) administration may cause acute phase adverse reactions (APR), which manifest with fever, malaise, bone and muscular pain, headache and/or gastrointestinal disturbances. Previous data suggest that high N-terminal propeptide of type 1 collagen (P1NP) and low 25, OH-vitaminD (VitD) levels are associated with higher incidence of APR, while the previous use of bisphosphonates is a protective factor. Lately, ZOL has been frequently used to mitigate ...

Introduction: in X-linked hypophosfatemic rickets (XLH) mutations of PHEX lead to elevated FGF-23 levels. Phosphate salts and calcitriol represented the only treatment option. Tertiary hyperparathyroidism (THPT) is a complication of XLH worsening the clinical features and constituting a contraindication to conventional treatment. Burosumab, a monoclonal antibody anti-FGF23, was recently approved in XLH. No data about Burosumab treatment in patients with XLH and THPT are availa...

Background: Radiofrequency Echographic Multi Spectrometry (REMS) is a new ultrasound-based tool for bone mineral density (BMD) measurement, recently approved by FDA for the use in clinical routine to diagnose osteoporosis (OP) and to monitor bone changes. However, data on patients with secondary OP are not available. The aim of our study was to compare REMS and DXA ability in identifying clinical (cFX) and morphometric vertebral fractures (VFx) in patients with primary OP (pOP...

ObjectiveSeveral studies showed that patients discontinuing denosumab (Dmab) may experience bone loss and incident vertebral fractures (VFx) due to a rebound bone turnover increase, suggesting the need of anti-resorptive (i.e. bisphosphonate BPs) therapy to mitigate this occurrence. However, the morphometric VFx (morphoVFx) incidence after Dmab discontinuation is unknown and scarce data are available about the BPs effect on BMD changes and Fx risk in thi...

Introduction: Primary bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia (PBMAH) is a rare cause of Cushing’s syndrome (CS). Some familial forms have been associated to gene ARMC5 (Armadillo repeat-containing protein 5) inactivating mutations. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and the complications of ARMC5 mutations in our cohort of patients with bilateral adrenal incidentalomas (BAI).Methods: 72 patients, referred to our Center...

Most adrenal incidentalomas are benign and can be divided into nonfunctioning adrenal tumors (NFAT) and tumors with mild autonomous cortisol secretion (MACS). Several studies suggest that MACS may result in an increased risk for mortality and cardiometabolic disease. The cardiometabolic risk in MACS is possibly related to the increased frequency of cardiovascular risk factors such as diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HT) induced by cortisol excess. This is confirmed by ...

Objective: The diagnosis of central hypoadrenalism (HPAI) is a major clinical challenge. The gold standard procedure remains insuline tolerance test (ITT). Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is considered the best procedure for the evaluation of cortisol levels. This study aimed to evaluate cut-offs of serum (TM-SeC) and salivary cortisol (SaC) by LC-MS/MS and serum cortisol by ECLIA assay (E-SeC) after Standard dose ACTH test (SDCT) in diagnosing HPAI.<...

The cytoskeletal actin-binding protein filamin A (FLNA) is poorly expressed in adrenocortical carcinomas (ACC) compared to adenomas (ACA), and this might contribute to sustain the increased cell proliferation by downregulating IGF1R expression and its downstream signaling. In mouse neural progenitor cells, increased protein expression levels of the CDK1 kinase Wee1 have been found after loss of FLNA. This protein has a leading role in regulating the G2-M checkpoint and functio...

Adrenocortical carcinomas (ACC) are rare endocrine tumors that originate in the cortex of the adrenal gland. They are characterized by the overexpression of insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2), whose bond with two tyrosine-kinase receptors, IGF1R and IR, activates a cancer-promoting signalling cascade. Another component of the IGF system is mannose 6-phosphate/insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor (IGF2R), a scavenger receptor able to bind specifically IGF2. Its main role is t...

The majority of adrenocortical carcinomas (ACC) overexpress insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2). Although IGF2 drives a proliferative autocrine loop by binding to IGF1R and the isoform A of the insulin receptor (IRA), most studies focused on IGF1R. Recently, a high expression of IRA was observed in ACC vs normal adrenal tissues (NA), suggesting its potential involvement in modulating IGF2 effects in adrenocortical tumorigenesis. Aim of this study was to investigate the specifi...